Deaf History Notes
      Index
Table of Contents
 
5    Preface

6    UNIT ONE - The Origins of American Sign Language
8    Section 1: Communication & Language
8    Communication
9    The Four Components of Communication
11    Modes of Expressing and Perceiving Communication
13    Language Versus Communication
14    The Three Language Channels
14    Multiple Language Encoding Systems
15    Identifying Communication as Language – The Case for ASL
16    ASL is Not a Universal Language
18    Section 2: Deaf Education & Language Stability
18    Pedro Ponce DeLeón and Private Education for Deaf Children
19    Abbé de l'Epée and Public Education for Deaf Children
20    Abbé Sicard and Jean Massieu
21    Laurent Clerc and Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet
23    Martha's Vineyard
24    The Connecticut Asylum for the Education and Instruction of Deaf and Dumb Persons
27    Unit One Summary & Review Questions
30    Unit One Bibliography & Suggested Readings

32    UNIT TWO - Manualism & the Fight for Self-Empowerment
34    Section 1: Language, Culture & Oppression
34    Language and Culture
35    The Power of Labels
35    Internalized Oppression
37    Section 2: Manualism Versus Oralism
37    The New England Gallaudet Association
37    The American Annals of the Deaf
38    Edward Miner Gallaudet, the Columbia Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb, and the National Deaf-Mute College
39    Alexander Graham Bell and the American Association to Promote the Teaching of Speech to the Deaf
40    The National Association of the Deaf
42    The International Convention of Instructors of the Deaf in Milan, Italy
44    The Preservation of the Sign Language
46    Unit Two Summary & Review Questions
49    Unit Two Bibliography & Suggested Readings

50    UNIT THREE - Pathological Perspectives of Deafness
52    Section 1: Pathology of Deafness and Anatomy of the Ear
52    Medical and Cultural Perspectives of Deafness
52    Washoe and Other Signing Primates
54    Components of the Ear
55    The Outer Ear – Air Conduction
55    The Middle Ear – Mechanical Conduction
55    The Inner Ear – Fluid Conduction
56    Causes of Deafness
57    Audiograms and Decibels
58    Cochlear Implants
60    The Deaf Community's Perspective of Cochlear Implants
62    Section 2: Anatomy of Visual/Manual Communication
62    Components of the Eye
63    Causes of Vision Loss and Blindness
64    Eye Examinations and Correction
64    Components of the Arms and Hands
65    Finger and Thumb Dexterity
66    Wrist Movement
66    Arm Extension
66    Loss of Mobility in the Hands and Arms
68    Overuse Syndrome and Stress Management
70    Unit Three Summary & Review Questions
73    Unit Three Bibliography & Suggested Readings

74    UNIT FOUR - The Linguistics of ASL and English Within the Deaf Community
76    Section 1: ASL Linguistics
76    William Stokoe
78    History of Language Variety in ASL
80    Stokoe Research on Variation
81    Woodward’s Research on Variation
83    How Do Deaf People Represent English?
83    Other Research on Variation
85    A Revised Model of Variation in ASL
87    Linear ASL and Spatial ASL
88    Section 2: Language Choice & Variation in the Deaf Community
88    Oral Communication and the Deaf Community
89    The DeafBlind Community
90    Orin Cornett and Cued Language Transliteration
96    Computer Assisted Notetaking
97    Manual English Codes, Pidgins & Creoles
101    Unit Four Summary & Review Questions
103    Unit Four Bibliography & Suggested Readings

104    UNIT FIVE - Deaf Power
106    Section 1: Deaf Organizations and Socialization
106    Dummy Hoy and Deaf Athletes
107    Deaf Actors and Silent Films
108    Entertainment by and for the Deaf Community
110    The National Fraternal Society of the Deaf
111    CSUN, NTID & the Expansion of Post-Secondary Education Options for Deaf Students
112    Section 2: Deaf Activism and Legislation
112    Section 504 & PL 94-142
112    Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
112    The Education of All Handicapped Children Act (PL 94-142)
113    Gallaudet University and “The Deaf President Now!” Revolution
119    The “Deaf Way” Conference
120    Closed Captioning and Assistive Devices
121    The ADA - Americans with Disabilities Act
122    The Television Decoder Circuitry Act
123    Deaf Culture and Membership in the Deaf Community
125    Unit Five Summary & Review Questions
127    Unit Five Bibliography & Suggested Readings

128    UNIT SIX - Interpreting and the Deaf Community
130    Section 1: The Interpreting Process
130    The Nuremberg Trials
132    Transcommunication
133    Bilingual Transcommunication
136    Monolingual Transcommunication: Transliterating
138    Transcoding Natural and Artificial Pidgins
139    Summary of Extralinguistic Transcommunication
140    Section 2: The Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf
140    The RID
142    RID’s Code of Ethics
144    RID Certification
145    The Triangle of Professionalism
146    RID’s Certification Maintenance Program
149    Unit Six Summary & Review Questions
150    Unit Six Bibliography & Suggested Readings

151    APPENDIX A: National Deaf Community Organizations
152    APPENDIX B: Sample Course Syllabus for "History of the Deaf Community"
157    APPENDIX C: Student Attendance & Participation Form
157    Comprehensive Bibliography